employee
Russian Federation
employee
Russian Federation
In this work, the features of classical science in the 19th century are considered. It is shown that the question is not just about the achievements of scientific and technological progress, but about a change in the way of understanding empirical data, which makes it possible to clearly formulate the criteria of scientific character (evidence, general validity, systematicity, etc.). The object of rethinking was not only natural science, but also the social and humanitarian sphere, which influenced the change in ontologies and the scientific world picture. It has been discovered that many natural and social phenomena have similar patterns and mechanisms of development, and their study requires both similar and specific methodology. The problem of the relationship between universal and specific methods in the emerging social and humanities sciences is becoming visible. Although many theories and concepts have become obsolete over time, it is safe to say that modern science and education, and the entire modern world, are the product of the revolution in the scientific worldview that occurred in the 19th century.
classical science, evolutionism, historicism, scientific world picture, social and human sciences, reductionism, social reality, methodology, scientific law, materialism, scientific and social progress
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