TY JOUR TI Measuring the effectiveness of China provinces’ economic development using the DEA method and the Malmquist index KW regional economy KW three-stage DEA model KW Malmquist index KW interprovincial differences KW economic efficiency KW technological progress JO Economic and Social Research AU Karpenko, V.M. AU Zhu, H.. PY 2026 IS 12 PB National Research University of Electronic Technology